Chiral Effective Theory Methods and their Application to the Structure of Hadrons from Lattice QCD

TL;DR

This paper reviews how chiral effective theory (ChEFT) is used to interpret lattice QCD results for hadron structure, focusing on recent applications to key physical quantities relevant to fundamental physics and dark matter detection.

Contribution

It discusses the modern applications of ChEFT in lattice QCD studies of hadron structure, highlighting recent advances in calculating important physical quantities.

Findings

ChEFT effectively controls systematic effects in lattice QCD calculations.

Recent determinations of muon g-2, proton radius, and sigma terms are discussed.

ChEFT remains a valuable tool in precision hadron physics.

Abstract

For many years chiral effective theory (ChEFT) has enabled and supported lattice QCD calculations of hadron observables by allowing systematic effects from unphysical lattice parameters to be controlled. In the modern era of precision lattice simulations approaching the physical point, ChEFT techniques remain valuable tools. In this review we discuss the modern uses of ChEFT applied to lattice studies of hadron structure in the context of recent determinations of important and topical quantities. We consider muon g-2, strangeness in the nucleon, the proton radius, nucleon polarizabilities, and sigma terms relevant to the prediction of dark-matter-hadron interaction cross-sections, among others.