Unruh thermalization, gluon condensation and freeze-out

TL;DR

This paper explores the relationship between the deconfinement transition, hadronization temperature, and gluon condensation using the Unruh scheme, considering effects of baryon density and chemical potential in heavy ion collisions.

Contribution

It introduces a framework linking the Unruh temperature to gluon condensation and baryon density, providing insights into the QCD phase diagram and critical end point.

Findings

Hadronization temperature depends on string tension and gluon condensate.

Baryon density influences the hadronization temperature and critical end point.

The model connects vacuum energy density with phase transition dynamics.

Abstract

The deconfinement transition and the hadronization mechanism at high energy are related to the quark-antiquark string breaking and the corresponding temperature depends on the string tension $\sigma$. In the Unruh scheme of hadron production it turns out $T = \sqrt{\sigma/2\pi}$, with $\sigma \simeq \E$, the vacuum energy density. In heavy ion collisions at lower energy, i.e. large baryonchemical potential, $\mu_B$, the dynamics is dominated by Fermi statistics and baryon repulsion. However one can still consider $\E$ as the relevant physical scale and its evaluation as a function of the baryon density, in a nuclear matter approach, gives dynamical information on the $\mu_B$ dependence of the hadronization temperature and on the value of the critical end point in the $T-\mu_B$ plane.