Applications of the Fokker-Planck equation in circuit quantum electrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper explores exact solutions of steady-state behaviors in nonlinear open quantum systems relevant to circuit quantum electrodynamics, using Fokker-Planck equations to analyze models like coupled cavities and quantum Duffing oscillators.

Contribution

It provides analytical solutions for the steady states of key models in circuit QED, including a coupled cavity-transmon system and a driven quantum Duffing oscillator, enhancing understanding of their quantum states.

Findings

Analytical expressions for cavity and transmon moments in different driving regimes.

Exact solutions for quantum Duffing oscillator under various driving and decoherence conditions.

Insights into stabilization of Schrödinger cat states and generation of squeezed states.

Abstract

We study exact solutions of the steady state behaviour of several non-linear open quantum systems which can be applied to the field of circuit quantum electrodynamics. Using Fokker-Planck equations in the generalised P-representation we investigate the analytical solutions of two fundamental models. First, we solve for the steady-state response of a linear cavity that is coupled to an approximate transmon qubit and use this solution to study both the weak and strong driving regimes, using analytical expressions for the moments of both cavity and transmon fields, along with the Husimi Q-function for the transmon. Second, we revisit exact solutions of quantum Duffing oscillator which is driven both coherently and parametrically while also experiencing decoherence by the loss of single and pairs of photons. We use this solution to discuss both stabilisation of Schroedinger cat states and the generation of squeezed states in parametric amplifiers, in addition to studying the Q-functions of the different phases of the quantum system. The field of superconducting circuits, with its strong nonlinearities and couplings, has provided access to a new parameter regime in which returning to these exact quantum optics methods can provide valuable insights.