Nodes Localization in 3D Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Multidimensional Scaling Algorithm

TL;DR

This paper presents a multidimensional scaling algorithm for accurate 3D node localization in wireless sensor networks, avoiding costly GPS hardware and suitable for indoor environments.

Contribution

It introduces an improved heuristic MDS-based algorithm for 3D localization and demonstrates its superior accuracy through extensive simulations.

Findings

Outperforms other localization techniques in accuracy

Effective for indoor 3D wireless sensor networks

Validated through comprehensive simulations

Abstract

In the recent years, there has been a huge advancement in wireless sensor computing technology. Today, wireless sensor network (WSN) has become a key technology for different types of smart environment. Nodes localization in WSN has arisen as a very challenging problem in the research community. Most of the applications for WSN are not useful without a priory known nodes positions. Adding GPS receivers to each node is an expensive solution and inapplicable for indoor environments. In this paper, we implemented and evaluated an algorithm based on multidimensional scaling (MDS) technique for three-dimensional (3D) nodes localization in WSN using improved heuristic method for distance calculation. Using extensive simulations we investigated our approach regarding various network parameters. We compared the results from the simulations with other approaches for 3D-WSN localization and showed that our approach outperforms other techniques in terms of accuracy.