Proving relations between modular graph functions

TL;DR

This paper proves new relations between modular graph functions, which are important in string theory amplitudes, using elementary Green function properties, advancing understanding of these mathematical objects.

Contribution

It introduces novel proofs of relations among modular graph functions with four, five, and six links, based on elementary Green function properties.

Findings

Relations between modular graph functions with four and five links confirmed.

A new relation between modular graph functions with six links established.

Methodology relies on elementary properties of Green functions.

Abstract

We consider modular graph functions that arise in the low energy expansion of the four graviton amplitude in type II string theory. The vertices of these graphs are the positions of insertions of vertex operators on the toroidal worldsheet, while the links are the scalar Green functions connecting the vertices. Graphs with four and five links satisfy several non--trivial relations, which have been proved recently. We prove these relations by using elementary properties of Green functions and the details of the graphs. We also prove a relation between modular graph functions with six links.