Vector Dark-Antidark Solitary Waves in Multi-Component Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper introduces and experimentally confirms vector dark-antidark solitary waves in multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates, exploring their stability, higher-dimensional forms, and the stabilizing effects of inter-component interactions.

Contribution

It generalizes the concept of magnetic solitons to vector dark-antidark waves, provides experimental evidence, and investigates their stability and higher-dimensional variants.

Findings

Experimental evidence for vector dark-antidark states in BECs

Broad parametric stability of dark-antidark and vortex-antidark states

Enhanced stability of ring dark solitons with increased inter-component coupling

Abstract

Multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates exhibit an intriguing variety of nonlinear structures. In recent theoretical work, the notion of magnetic solitons has been introduced. Here we generalize this concept to vector dark-antidark solitary waves in multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates. We first provide concrete experimental evidence for such states in an atomic BEC and subsequently illustrate the broader concept of these states, which are based on the interplay between miscibility and inter-component repulsion. Armed with this more general conceptual framework, we expand the notion of such states to higher dimensions presenting the possibility of both vortex-antidark states and ring-antidark-ring (dark soliton) states. We perform numerical continuation studies, investigate the existence of these states and examine their stability using the method of Bogolyubov-de Gennes analysis. Dark-antidark and vortex-antidark states are found to be stable for broad parametric regimes. In the case of ring dark solitons, where the single-component ring state is known to be unstable, the vector entity appears to bear a progressively more and more stabilizing role as the inter-component coupling is increased.