Dynamical Casimir effect of phonon excitation in the dispersive regime of cavity optomechanics

TL;DR

This paper proposes a theoretical scheme to generate and control Casimir phonons in a cavity optomechanical system using amplitude-modulated laser fields, demonstrating phonon squeezing, bunching, and super-Poissonian statistics.

Contribution

It introduces a feasible experimental approach for observing the dynamical Casimir effect of phonons in dispersive cavity optomechanics with controllable quantum properties.

Findings

Phonons exhibit quadrature squeezing, bunching, and super-Poissonian statistics.

Perfect squeezing transfer between quadratures is achievable by tuning laser detuning.

Thermal noise sets a critical temperature for observing phonon squeezing.

Abstract

In this paper, we theoretically propose and investigate a feasible experimental scheme for realizing the dynamical Casimir effect (DCE) of phonons in an optomechanical setup formed by a ground-state precooled mechanical oscillator (MO) inside a Fabry-P{\'e}rot cavity, which is driven by an amplitude-modulated classical laser field in the dispersive (far-detuned) regime. The time modulation of the driving field leads to the parametric amplification of the mechanical vacuum fluctuations of the MO, which results in the generation of Casimir phonons over time scales longer than the cavity lifetime. We show that the generated phonons exhibit quadrature squeezing, bunching effect, and super-Poissonian statistics which are controllable by the externally modulated laser pump. In particular, we find that the scheme allows for a perfect squeezing transfer from one mechanical quadrature to another when the laser frequency is varied from red detuning to blue detuning. Moreover, by analyzing the effect of the thermal noise of the MO environment, we find that there exists a critical temperature above which there is no phonon quadrature squeezing to occur. We also show that in the presence of time modulation of the driving laser the linewidth narrowing of the displacement spectrum of the MO can be considered as a signature of the generation of Casimir phonons.