Two-dimensional bright and dark-in-bright dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate solitons on a one-dimensional optical lattice

TL;DR

This paper investigates the static and dynamic properties of anisotropic dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate solitons in two dimensions, demonstrating their stability, interactions, and creation methods using numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.

Contribution

It introduces the study of stable bright and dark-in-bright dipolar BEC solitons on a 1D optical lattice, including their dynamics, interactions, and creation techniques.

Findings

Dark-in-bright solitons are excited states of bright solitons.

Solitons exhibit sustained breathing oscillations under perturbation.

Collision between solitons at medium velocities is quasi-elastic.

Abstract

We study the statics and dynamics of anisotropic, stable, bright and dark-in-bright dipolar quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) solitons on a one-dimensional (1D) optical-lattice (OL) potential. These solitons mobile in a plane perpendicular to the 1D OL trap can have both repulsive and attractive contact interactions. The dark-in-bright solitons are the excited states of the bright solitons. The solitons, when subject to a small perturbation, exhibit sustained breathing oscillation. The dark-in-bright solitons can be created by phase imprinting a bright soliton. At medium velocities the collision between two solitons is found to be quasi elastic.The results are demonstrated by a numerical simulation of the three-dimensional mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation in three spatial dimensions employing realistic interaction parameters for a dipolar $^{164}$Dy BEC.