Effect of quantum noise on deterministic joint remote state preparation of a qubit state via a GHZ channel

TL;DR

This paper investigates how various types of quantum noise affect the fidelity of deterministic joint remote state preparation (DJRSP) of a qubit via a GHZ channel, providing insights for practical quantum communication.

Contribution

It analyzes the impact of different noise types on DJRSP fidelity, highlighting dependencies on phase, amplitude, and noise parameters, which is novel for real-world quantum communication.

Findings

Fidelity depends on phase, amplitude, and noise parameters under bit-flip noise.

Fidelity depends only on amplitude and noise parameters under phase-flip, depolarizing, and amplitude-damping noise.

Output states vary with measurement results under amplitude-damping noise.

Abstract

Quantum secure communication brings a new direction for information security. As an important component of quantum secure communication, deterministic joint remote state preparation (DJRSP) could securely transmit a quantum state with 100\% success probability. In this paper, we study how the efficiency of DJRSP is affected when qubits involved in the protocol are subjected to noise or decoherence. Taking a GHZ based DJRSP scheme as an example, we study all types of noise usually encountered in real-world implementations of quantum communication protocols, i.e., the bit-flip, phase-flip (phase-damping), depolarizing, and amplitude-damping noise. Our study shows that the fidelity of the output state depends on the phase factor, the amplitude factor and the noise parameter in the bit-flip noise, while the fidelity only depends on the amplitude factor and the noise parameter in the other three types of noise. And the receiver will get different output states depending on the first preparer's measurement result in the amplitude-damping noise. Our results will be helpful for improving quantum secure communication in real implementation.