On the largest reduced neighborhood clique cover number of a graph

TL;DR

This paper introduces the largest reduced neighborhood clique cover number, a new graph parameter, and explores its properties, bounds, and implications for various graph classes and potential separator theorems.

Contribution

The paper defines the new parameter ${igracehold{eta}}_t(G)$, investigates its properties, bounds, and relationships with other graph parameters, and applies it to geometric intersection graphs.

Findings

${igracehold{eta}}_t(G)=1$ for chordal graphs

${igracehold{eta}}_t(G)$ is bounded for certain incomparability graphs

Geometric intersection graphs of fat objects belong to the bounded neighborhood clique cover class

Abstract

Let $G$ be a graph and $t\ge 0$. A new graph parameter termed the largest reduced neighborhood clique cover number of $G$, denoted by ${\hat\beta}_t(G)$, is introduced. Specifically, ${\hat\beta}_t(G)$ is the largest, overall $t$-shallow minors $H$ of $G$, of the smallest number of cliques that can cover any closed neighborhood of a vertex in $H$. We verify that ${\hat\beta}_t(G)=1$ when $G$ is chordal, and, ${\hat\beta}_t(G)\le s$, where $G$ is an incomparability graph that does not have a $t-$shallow minor which is isomorphic to an induced star on $s$ leaves. Moreover, general properties of ${\hat\beta}_t(G)$ including the connections to the greatest reduced average density of $G$, or $\bigtriangledown_t(G)$ are studied and investigated. For instance we show ${{\hat\beta}_t(G)\over 2}\le \bigtriangledown_t(G)\le p.{\hat\beta}_t(G),$ where $p$ is the size of a largest complete graph which is a $t-minor$ of $G$. Additionally we prove that largest ratio of any minimum clique cover to the maximum independent set taken overall $t-$minors of $G$ is a lower bound for ${\hat\beta}_t(G)$. We further introduce the class of bounded neighborhood clique cover number for which ${\hat\beta}_t(G)$ has a finite value for each $t\ge 0$ and verify the membership of geometric intersection graphs of fat objects (with no restrictions on the depth) to this class. The results support the conjecture that the class graphs with polynomial bounded neighborhood clique cover number may have separator theorems with respect to certain measures.