Effects of the non-parabolic kinetic energy on non-equilibrium polariton condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates how incorporating the true non-parabolic dispersion relation of polaritons significantly alters the behavior of non-equilibrium polariton condensates, revealing new phenomena like symmetry breaking and self-localization.

Contribution

It introduces a non-parabolic kinetic energy model for polariton condensates, showing key differences from traditional parabolic models and predicting novel dynamical effects.

Findings

Non-parabolic dispersion causes symmetry breaking in condensates.

Self-localization effects emerge due to dispersion curvature.

High-frequency excitations lead to near-bright solitary waves.

Abstract

In the study of non-equilibrium polariton condensates it is usually assumed that the dispersion relation of polaritons is parabolic in nature. We show that considering the true non-parabolic kinetic energy of polaritons leads to significant changes in the behaviour of the condensate due to the curvature of the dispersion relation and the possibility of transfer of energy to high wavenumber components in the condensate spatial profile. We present explicit solutions for plane waves and linear excitations, and identify the differences in the theoretical predictions between the parabolic and non-parabolic mean-field models, showing the possibility of symmetry breaking in the latter. We then consider the evolution of wavepackets and show that self-localisation effects may be observed due to the curvature of the dispersion relation. Finally, we revisit the dynamics of dark soliton trains and show that additional localized density excitations may emerge in the dynamics due to the excitation of high frequency components, mimicking the appearance of near-bright solitary waves over short timescales.