Transit Timing Observations from Kepler. IX. Catalog of the Full Long-Cadence Data Set

TL;DR

This paper presents a comprehensive catalog of transit timing variations for 2599 Kepler Objects of Interest, including detailed transit parameters and significant TTV detections, to facilitate further exoplanet system studies.

Contribution

It provides a new, extensive TTV catalog from Kepler data, including long-term and short-term variations, with improved data processing and analysis methods.

Findings

Detected 260 KOIs with significant long-term TTVs

Identified 14 KOIs with short-term periodic modulations

Found stellar spot crossing as a cause for some periodic TTVs

Abstract

We present a new transit timing catalog of 2599 Kepler Objects of Interest (=KOIs), using the PDC-MAP long-cadence light curves that include the full seventeen quarters of the mission (ftp://wise- ftp.tau.ac.il/pub/tauttv/TTV/ver_112). The goal is to produce an easy-to-use catalog that can stimulate further analyses of interesting systems. For 779 KOIs with high enough SNRs, we derived the timing, duration and depth of 69,914 transits. For 1820 KOIs with lower SNR, we derived only the timing of 225,273 transits. After removal of outlier timings, we derived various statistics for each KOI that were used to indicate significant variations. Including systems found by previous works, we have detected 260 KOIs which showed significant TTVs with long-term variations (>100 day), and another fourteen KOIs with periodic modulations shorter than 100 day and small amplitudes. For five of those, the periodicity is probably due to the crossing of rotating stellar spots by the transiting planets.