Spin-glass phase transition and behavior of nonlinear susceptibility in the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model with random fields

TL;DR

This paper investigates how random fields affect the nonlinear susceptibility and spin-glass transition in the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, revealing that random fields cause a rounded maximum in susceptibility unrelated to the actual transition.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the nonlinear susceptibility behavior under random fields using replica formalism, highlighting the shift of susceptibility maxima away from the true transition temperature.

Findings

Nonlinear susceptibility $$ exhibits a maximum at $T^*$, not coinciding with $T_f$ in presence of random fields.

Random fields cause the susceptibility maximum to reflect paramagnetic phase effects, not ergodicity breaking.

The dependence of $$ on the replicon $_{ m AT}$ becomes more complex with random fields.

Abstract

The behavior of the nonlinear susceptibility $\chi_3$ and its relation to the spin-glass transition temperature $T_f$, in the presence of random fields, are investigated. To accomplish this task, the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model is studied through the replica formalism, within a one-step replica-symmetry-breaking procedure. In addition, the dependence of the Almeida-Thouless eigenvalue $\lambda_{\rm AT}$ (replicon) on the random fields is analyzed. Particularly, in absence of random fields, the temperature $T_f$ can be traced by a divergence in the spin-glass susceptibility $\chi_{\rm SG}$, which presents a term inversely proportional to the replicon $\lambda_{\rm AT}$. As a result of a relation between $\chi_{\rm SG}$ and $\chi_3$, the latter also presents a divergence at $T_f$, which comes as a direct consequence of $\lambda_{\rm AT}=0$ at $T_f$. However, our results show that, in the presence of random fields, $\chi_3$ presents a rounded maximum at a temperature $T^{*}$, which does not coincide with the spin-glass transition temperature $T_f$ (i.e., $T^* > T_f$ for a given applied random field). Thus, the maximum value of $\chi_3$ at $T^*$ reflects the effects of the random fields in the paramagnetic phase, instead of the non-trivial ergodicity breaking associated with the spin-glass phase transition. It is also shown that $\chi_3$ still maintains a dependence on the replicon $\lambda_{\rm AT}$, although in a more complicated way, as compared with the case without random fields. These results are discussed in view of recent observations in the LiHo$_x$Y$_{1-x}$F$_4$ compound.