High rate, fast timing Glass RPC for the high $\eta$ CMS muon detectors

TL;DR

This paper presents a new high-rate, fast-timing Glass RPC technology using low resistivity glass for CMS muon detectors in the high eta region, addressing increased background rates expected at HL-LHC.

Contribution

Introduction of a novel low resistivity glass RPC prototype designed for high-rate environments in CMS's forward muon detectors.

Findings

Prototypes demonstrate high-rate capability and fast timing performance.

Performance under simulated HL-LHC conditions shows suitability for high eta muon detection.

Design considerations for large-scale implementation are discussed.

Abstract

The HL-LHC phase is designed to increase by an order of magnitude the amount of data to be collected by the LHC experiments. To achieve this goal in a reasonable time scale the instantaneous luminosity would also increase by an order of magnitude up to $6 \cdot 10^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. The region of the forward muon spectrometer ($|\eta| > 1.6$) is not equipped with RPC stations. The increase of the expected particles rate up to 2 kHz/cm$^2$ ( including a safety factor 3 ) motivates the installation of RPC chambers to guarantee redundancy with the CSC chambers already present. The actual RPC technology of CMS cannot sustain the expected background level. A new generation Glass-RPC (GRPC) using low resistivity glass (LR) is proposed to equip at least the two most far away of the four high eta muon stations of CMS. The design of small size prototypes and the studies of their performances under high rate particles flux is presented.