TL;DR
This paper investigates how magnetic flux influences parity-time symmetry in a ring lattice with balanced gain and loss, revealing flux thresholds that preserve or break PT symmetry depending on system parameters.
Contribution
It introduces the effect of magnetic flux on PT symmetry in ring lattices and identifies flux thresholds for symmetry breaking under various gain/loss conditions.
Findings
PT symmetry is maintained under certain magnetic flux conditions.
A threshold gain/loss level exists beyond which flux breaks PT symmetry.
Maximally tolerable flux depends approximately linearly on weak gain/loss.
Abstract
We study a parity-time (PT) symmetric ring lattice, with one pair of balanced gain and loss located at opposite positions. The system remains PT-symmetric when threaded by a magnetic flux; however, the PT symmetry is sensitive to the magnetic flux, in the presence of a large balanced gain and loss, or in a large system. We find a threshold gain/loss, above which, any nontrivial magnetic flux breaks the PT symmetry. We obtain the maximally tolerable magnetic flux for the exact PT-symmetric phase, which is approximately linearly dependent on a weak gain/loss.
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