2D radiaition-hydrodynamic simulations of supernova shock breakout in bipolar explosions of a blue supergiant progenitor

TL;DR

This paper presents advanced 2D relativistic radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of supernova shock breakout in bipolar explosions of a blue supergiant, revealing how early emission can inform on explosion geometry.

Contribution

It introduces a new 2D relativistic radiation-hydrodynamics code and compares bipolar and spherical explosion models, highlighting the impact of geometry on shock breakout emission.

Findings

Good agreement with previous spherical models

Bipolar explosions produce distinct shock breakout signatures

Early emission can reveal explosion geometry

Abstract

A two-dimensional special relativistic radiation-hydrodynamics code is developed and applied to numerical simulations of supernova shock breakout in bipolar explosions of a blue supergiant. Our calculations successfully simulate the dynamical evolution of a blast wave in the star and its emergence from the surface. Results of the model with spherical energy deposition show a good agreement with previous simulations. Furthermore, we calculate several models with bipolar energy deposition and compare their results with the spherically symmetric model. The bolometric light curves of the shock breakout emission are calculated by a ray-tracing method. Our radiation-hydrodynamic models indicate that the early part of the shock breakout emission can be used to probe the geometry of the blast wave produced as a result of the gravitational collapse of the iron core.