Preliminary results of Resistive Plate Chambers operated with eco-friendly gas mixtures for application in the CMS experiment

TL;DR

This paper presents preliminary tests of Resistive Plate Chambers using eco-friendly gas mixtures as alternatives to traditional fluorine-based gases for the CMS experiment, focusing on performance metrics like efficiency and timing.

Contribution

It introduces initial performance results of RPCs operated with environmentally friendly gas mixtures, addressing regulatory and environmental concerns.

Findings

RPCs with HFO-1234ze show promising efficiency

Streamers and charge levels are comparable to traditional gases

Potential for eco-friendly gas use in CMS is demonstrated

Abstract

The operations of Resistive Plate Chambers in LHC experiments require Fluorine based (F-based) gases for optimal performance. Recent European regulations demand the use of environmentally unfriendly F-based gases to be limited or banned. In view of the CMS experiment upgrade, several tests are ongoing to measure the performance of the detector with these new ecological gas mixtures, in terms of efficiency, streamer probability, induced charge and time resolution. Prototype chambers with readout pads and with the standard CMS electronic setup are under test. In this paper preliminary results on performance of RPCs operated with a potential eco-friendly gas candidate 1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene, commercially known as HFO-1234ze, with CO2 and CF3I based gas mixtures are presented and discussed for the possible application in the CMS experiment.