Stable photon orbits in stationary axisymmetric electrovacuum spacetimes

TL;DR

This paper explores the existence and behavior of stable photon orbits in stationary axisymmetric electrovacuum spacetimes, revealing conditions under which they occur and their transition to chaotic dynamics.

Contribution

It demonstrates the existence of stable photon orbits in electrovacuum spacetimes, extending previous knowledge from vacuum solutions and analyzing their dynamical properties.

Findings

Reissner-Nordström di-holes admit SPOs in certain parameters

Transition from order to chaos observed in SPO dynamics

SPOs can exist in electrovacuum but not in pure vacuum

Abstract

We investigate the existence and phenomenology of stable photon orbits (SPOs) in stationary axisymmetric electrovacuum spacetimes in four dimensions. First, we review the classification of equatorial circular photon orbits on Kerr-Newman spacetimes in the charge-spin plane. Second, using a Hamiltonian formulation, we show that Reissner-Nordstr\"om di-holes (a family encompassing the Majumdar-Papapetrou and Weyl-Bach special cases) admit SPOs, in a certain parameter regime that we investigate. Third, we explore the transition from order to chaos for typical SPOs bounded within a toroidal region around a di-hole, via a selection of Poincar\'e sections. Finally, for general axisymmetric stationary spacetimes, we show that the Einstein-Maxwell field equations allow for the existence of SPOs in electrovacuum; but not in pure vacuum.