Stability of viscosity stratified flows down an incline: Role of miscibility and wall slip

TL;DR

This study investigates how wall slip influences the linear stability of gravity-driven miscible two-fluid flows down an incline, revealing that slip can stabilize the flow and delay instabilities, which is useful for designing slip-sensitive surfaces.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the stabilizing role of wall slip in miscible stratified flows down inclined surfaces, highlighting potential for flow control and surface design.

Findings

Slip increases the critical Reynolds number, stabilizing the flow.

Slip delays surface mode instability across viscosity contrasts.

Slip's effect depends on the mixed layer's position and fluid properties.

Abstract

The effects of wall velocity slip on the linear stability of a gravity-driven miscible two-fluid flow down an incline are examined. The fluids have the matched density but different viscosity. A smooth viscosity stratification is achieved due to the presence of a thin mixed layer between the fluids. The results show that the presence of slip exhibits a promise for stabilizing the miscible flow system by raising the critical Reynolds number at the onset and decreasing the bandwidth of unstable wave numbers beyond the threshold of the dominant instability. This is different from its role in the case of a single fluid down a slippery substrate where slip destabilizes the flow system at the onset. Though the stability properties are analogous to the same flow system down a rigid substrate, slip is shown to delay the surface mode instability for any viscosity contrast. It has a damping/promoting effect on the overlap modes (which exist due to the overlap of critical layer of dominant disturbance with the mixed layer) when the mixed layer is away/close from/to the slippery inclined wall. The trend of slip effect is influenced by the location of the mixed layer, the location of more viscous fluid and the mass diffusivity of the two fluids. The stabilizing characteristics of slip can be favourably used to suppress the non-linear breakdown which may happen due to the coexistence of the unstable modes in a flow over a substrate with no slip. The results of the present study suggest that it is desirable to design a slippery surface with appropriate slip sensitivity in order to meet a particular need for a specific application.