Three nucleon forces in nuclear matter in the QCD sum rules

TL;DR

This paper investigates how three-nucleon forces influence nucleon properties in symmetric nuclear matter using QCD sum rules, highlighting the role of nonlocal condensates and four-quark configurations.

Contribution

It introduces a novel calculation of three-nucleon force effects on nucleon self energies within the QCD sum rules framework, incorporating nonlocal condensates and a relativistic quark model.

Findings

Density dependence of nucleon self energies determined.

Significant contribution of four-quark condensates analyzed.

Model-independent calculation of key four-quark condensate part.

Abstract

We calculate the single-particle nucleon characteristics in symmetric nuclear matter with inclusion of the 3N interactions. The contribution of the 3N forces to the nucleon self energies are expressed in terms of the nonlocal scalar condensate (d=3) and of the configuration of the two four-quark condensates (d=6) in which two diquark operators act on two different nucleons of the matter. The most important part of the contribution of the four-quark condensate is calculated in a model-independent way. We employed a relativistic quark model of nucleon for calculation of the rest part. The density dependence of the vector and scalar nucleon self energies and of the single-particle potential energy are obtained.