Optimal diabatic dynamics of Majorana-based quantum gates

TL;DR

This paper develops optimal control protocols for Majorana-based quantum gates, balancing diabatic speed and robustness, to improve practical quantum computing performance despite noise and calibration errors.

Contribution

It introduces a method to implement robust, finite-time quantum gates using optimal control, avoiding device modifications and enhancing noise resilience.

Findings

Optimal control protocols achieve fast, robust Majorana gates.

Protocols show high stability against noise and calibration errors.

Fast protocols outperform adiabatic schemes in noisy environments.

Abstract

In topological quantum computing, unitary operations on qubits are performed by adiabatic braiding of non-Abelian quasiparticles, such as Majorana zero modes, and are protected from local environmental perturbations. In the adiabatic regime, with timescales set by the inverse gap of the system, the errors can be made arbitrarily small by performing the process more slowly. To enhance the performance of quantum information processing with Majorana zero modes, we apply the theory of optimal control to the diabatic dynamics of Majorana-based qubits. While we sacrifice complete topological protection, we impose constraints on the optimal protocol to take advantage of the nonlocal nature of topological information and increase the robustness of our gates. By using the Pontryagin's maximum principle, we show that robust equivalent gates to perfect adiabatic braiding can be implemented in finite times through optimal pulses. In our implementation, modifications to the device Hamiltonian are avoided. Focusing on thermally isolated systems, we study the effects of calibration errors and external white and $1/f$ (pink) noise on Majorana-based gates. While a noise-induced antiadiabatic behavior, where a slower process creates more diabatic excitations, prohibits indefinite enhancement of the robustness of the adiabatic scheme, our fast optimal protocols exhibit remarkable stability to noise and have the potential to significantly enhance the practical performance of Majorana-based information processing.