Different approaches for identifying important concepts in probabilistic biomedical text summarization

TL;DR

This paper introduces a Bayesian approach for biomedical text summarization that leverages concept correlations and meaningfulness measures, outperforming frequency-based methods in scientific evaluations.

Contribution

It proposes a novel Bayesian summarizer that uses advanced feature selection methods based on concept importance and correlations, enhancing biomedical document summarization.

Findings

Bayesian summarizer outperforms frequency-based methods

Using concept correlations improves summarization quality

Feature selection based on meaningfulness significantly boosts performance

Abstract

Automatic text summarization tools help users in biomedical domain to acquire their intended information from various textual resources more efficiently. Some of the biomedical text summarization systems put the basis of their sentence selection approach on the frequency of concepts extracted from the input text. However, it seems that exploring other measures rather than the frequency for identifying the valuable content of the input document, and considering the correlations existing between concepts may be more useful for this type of summarization. In this paper, we describe a Bayesian summarizer for biomedical text documents. The Bayesian summarizer initially maps the input text to the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) concepts, then it selects the important ones to be used as classification features. We introduce different feature selection approaches to identify the most important concepts of the text and to select the most informative content according to the distribution of these concepts. We show that with the use of an appropriate feature selection approach, the Bayesian biomedical summarizer can improve the performance of summarization. We perform extensive evaluations on a corpus of scientific papers in biomedical domain. The results show that the Bayesian summarizer outperforms the biomedical summarizers that rely on the frequency of concepts, the domain-independent and baseline methods based on the Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) metrics. Moreover, the results suggest that using the meaningfulness measure and considering the correlations of concepts in the feature selection step lead to a significant increase in the performance of summarization.