Distributed Frequency Control in Power Grids Under Limited Communication

TL;DR

This paper introduces a robust distributed frequency control scheme for power grids that maintains optimality under communication failures and improves convergence time through grid dynamics and discrete communication analysis.

Contribution

It proposes a novel control scheme leveraging grid dynamics to ensure optimal frequency control despite communication failures and delays.

Findings

Control scheme remains optimal under single communication link failure.

Improved convergence time with the new algorithm using grid dynamics.

Performance degrades gracefully with increased communication delays.

Abstract

In this paper, we analyze the impact of communication failures on the performance of optimal distributed frequency control. We consider a consensus-based control scheme, and show that it does not converge to the optimal solution when the communication network is disconnected. We propose a new control scheme that uses the dynamics of power grid to replicate the information not received from the communication network, and prove that it achieves the optimal solution under any single communication link failure. In addition, we show that this control improves cost under multiple communication link failures. Next, we analyze the impact of discrete-time communication on the performance of distributed frequency control. In particular, we will show that the convergence time increases as the time interval between two messages increases. We propose a new algorithm that uses the dynamics of the power grid, and show through simulation that it improves the convergence time of the control scheme significantly.