Spin-incoherent one-dimensional spin-1 Bose Luttinger liquid

TL;DR

This paper explores the properties of a spin-incoherent one-dimensional spin-1 Bose gas, revealing universal momentum distribution features and differences from spinless bosons at finite temperature.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of the spin-incoherent regime in 1D spin-1 Bose gases, including numerical and analytical results on momentum distributions.

Findings

Momentum distributions broaden with increasing atom number.

Universal $1/p^4$ tail in momentum distribution at large p.

Distinct momentum profiles from spinless bosons at finite temperature.

Abstract

We investigate spin-incoherent Luttinger liquid of a one-dimensional spin-1 Bose gas in a harmonic trap. In this regime highly degenerate spin configurations emerge since the spin exchange energy is much less than the thermal energy of the system, while the temperature is low enough that the lowest energetic orbitals are occupied. As an example we numerically study the momentum distribution of a one-dimensional spin-1 Bose gas in Tonks- Girardeau gas limit and in the sector of zero magnetization.We find that the momentum distributions broaden as the number of atoms increase due to the averaging of spin function overlaps. Large momentum ($p$) asymptotic is analytically derived, showing the universal $1/p^4$ dependence. We demonstrate that the spin-incoherent Luttinger liquid has a momentum distribution also distinct from spinless bosons at finite temperature.