On the possible wind nebula of magnetar Swift J1834.9-0846: a magnetism-powered synchrotron nebula

TL;DR

This paper investigates the potential wind nebula around magnetar Swift J1834.9-0846, proposing it is powered by magnetic energy release and analyzing its properties through multiple approaches.

Contribution

It demonstrates that the wind nebula can be explained by magnetar magnetic energy, not rotational energy, and provides estimates of its magnetic field and particle luminosity.

Findings

The nebula's magnetic field is about 10^{-4} G.

The particle luminosity required is 10^{36} to 10^{38} erg/s.

The nebula is likely a magnetar wind nebula powered by magnetic energy.

Abstract

Recently, the magnetar Swift J1834.9$-$0846 is reported to have a possible wind nebula. It is shown that both the magnetar and its wind nebula are understandable in the wind braking scenario. The magnetar's rotational energy loss rate is not enough to power the particle luminosity. The required particle luminosity should be about $10^{36} \,\rm erg \,s^{-1}$ to $10^{38} \,\rm erg \,s^{-1}$. It is obtained in three different approaches: considering wind braking of Swift J1834.9$-$0846; the spectral and spatial observations of the wind nebula; and an empirical upper bound on wind nebula X-ray luminosity. The nebula magnetic field is about $10^{-4} \,\rm G$. The possible wind nebula of Swift J1834.9$-$0846 should be a magnetar wind nebula. It is powered by the magnetic energy release of the magnetar.