An Electric Vehicle Charging Management Scheme Based on Publish/Subscribe Communication Framework

TL;DR

This paper introduces a publish/subscribe communication framework utilizing Road Side Units for efficient EV charging management, improving decision-making and reservation services to optimize charging station utilization and reduce CO2 emissions.

Contribution

It proposes a novel P/S-based communication framework with Push and Pull modes, leveraging RSUs for on-the-move EV charging decisions and reservation services.

Findings

Pull Mode with cached information outperforms Push Mode in simulations.

Remote reservation service enhances charging station utilization.

The framework reduces decision latency and improves EV charging efficiency.

Abstract

Motivated by alleviating CO$_2$ pollution, Electric Vehicle (EV) based applications have recently received wide interests from both commercial and research communities by using electric energy instead of traditional fuel energy. Although EVs are inherently with limited travelling distance, such limitation could be overcome by deploying public Charging Stations (CSs) to recharge EVs battery during their journeys. In this paper we propose a novel communication framework for on-the-move EV charging scenario, based on the Publish/Subscribe (P/S) mechanism for disseminating necessary CS information to EVs, in order for them to make optimized decisions on where to charge. A core part of our communication framework is the utilization of Road Side Units (RSUs) to bridge the information flow from CSs to EVs, which has been regarded as a type of cost-efficient communication infrastructure. Under this design, we introduce two complementary communication modes of signalling protocols, namely Push and Pull Modes, in order to enable the required information dissemination operation. Both analysis and simulation show the advantage of Pull Mode, in which the information is cached at RSUs to support asynchronous communication. We further propose a remote reservation service based on the Pull Mode, such that the CS-selection decision making can utilize the knowledge of EVs' charging reservation, as published from EVs through RSUs to CSs. Results show that both the performance at CS and EV sides are further improved based on using this anticipated information.