Improving practical sensitivity of energy optimized wake-up receivers: proof of concept in 65nm CMOS

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a low-power digital base-band architecture in 65nm CMOS that significantly improves the practical sensitivity of energy-efficient wake-up receivers, enabling reliable operation at ultra-low voltages and power levels.

Contribution

It introduces a scalable, energy-optimized digital base-band design that compensates for front-end losses in wake-up receivers, enhancing sensitivity with minimal power consumption.

Findings

Digital base-band consumes 0.9μW at 250kbps in sub-threshold operation.

Achieves 97% wake-up beacon detection with 0.04% false alarms.

Fully functional at 0.23V and 5kHz operation frequency.

Abstract

We present a high performance low-power digital base-band architecture, specially designed for an energy optimized duty-cycled wake-up receiver scheme. Based on a careful wake-up beacon design, a structured wake-up beacon detection technique leads to an architecture that compensates for the implementation loss of a low-power wake-up receiver front-end at low energy and area costs. Design parameters are selected by energy optimization and the architecture is easily scalable to support various network sizes. Fabricated in 65nm CMOS, the digital base-band consumes 0.9uW (V_DD=0.37V) in sub-threshold operation at 250kbps, with appropriate 97% wake-up beacon detection and 0.04% false alarm probabilities. The circuit is fully functional at a minimum V_DD of 0.23V at f_max=5kHz and 0.018uW power consumption. Based on these results we show that our digital base-band can be used as a companion to compensate for front-end implementation losses resulting from the limited wake-up receiver power budget at a negligible cost. This implies an improvement of the practical sensitivity of the wake-up receiver, compared to what is traditionally reported.