High Baryon Densities in Heavy Ion Collisions at Energies Attainable at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the CERN Large Hadron Collider

TL;DR

This paper predicts extremely high baryon densities in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC energies, using the color glass condensate model to analyze energy, rapidity loss, and baryon densities.

Contribution

It introduces a calculation of baryon and energy densities in heavy ion collisions at high energies using the color glass condensate model, highlighting the potential for very high baryon densities.

Findings

Baryon densities more than ten times nuclear density at RHIC energies.

Predicted excitation energies of nuclear fragments.

Energy and rapidity loss calculations for central collisions.

Abstract

In very high energy collisions nuclei are practically transparent to each other but produce very hot, nearly baryon-free, matter in the so-called central rapidity region. The energy in the central rapidity region comes from the kinetic energy of the colliding nuclei. We calculate the energy and rapidity loss of the nuclei using the color glass condensate model. This model also predicts the excitation energy of the nuclear fragments. Using a space-time picture of the collision we calculate the baryon and energy densities of the receding baryonic fireballs. For central collisions of gold nuclei at the highest energy attainable at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, for example, we find baryon densities more than ten times that of atomic nuclei over a large volume.