Formation of high-order acoustic Bessel beams by spiral diffraction gratings

TL;DR

This work demonstrates the theoretical, numerical, and experimental creation of high-order acoustic Bessel beams using spiral diffraction gratings, enabling controllable acoustic vortices for potential applications in acoustic manipulation.

Contribution

It introduces a passive spiral diffraction grating device that can generate high-order Bessel beams with controllable vorticity, advancing acoustic beam shaping techniques.

Findings

Successful formation of high-order Bessel beams experimentally.

Control of vortex size via spiral grating design.

Potential for low-cost acoustic manipulation applications.

Abstract

The formation of high-order Bessel beams by a passive acoustic device consisting of an Archimedes' spiral diffraction grating is theoretically, numerically and experimentally reported in this work. These beams are propagation-invariant solutions of the Helmholtz equation and are characterized by an azimuthal variation of the phase along its annular spectrum producing an acoustic vortex in the near field. In our system, the scattering of plane acoustic waves by the spiral grating leads to the formation of the acoustic vortex with zero pressure on-axis and the angular phase dislocations characterized by the spiral geometry. The order of the generated Bessel beam and, as a consequence, the size of the generated vortex can be fixed by the number of arms in the spiral diffraction grating. The obtained results allow to obtain Bessel beams with controllable vorticity by a passive device, which has potential applications in low-cost acoustic tweezers and acoustic radiation force devices.