On the viability of the single wave model for the beam plasma instability

TL;DR

This paper investigates the limitations of the single wave model in describing beam-plasma interactions, revealing that multiple Langmuir modes and spectral broadening significantly influence energy transfer and particle transport.

Contribution

It provides a spectral analysis of unstable mode harmonics and demonstrates the role of dense spectra and avalanche mechanisms in beam-plasma instability.

Findings

Negligible energy absorption by harmonics.

Excitation of additional modes via avalanche mechanism.

Universal spectral broadening shape and plateau in distribution function.

Abstract

We analyze the interaction of a cold fast electron beam with a thermalized plasma, in the presence of many Langmuir modes. The work aims at characterizing the deviation of the system behavior from the single mode approximation, both with respect to a consistent spectral analysis of the most unstable mode harmonics and with respect to the presence of a dense spectrum, containing linearly unstable and stable modes. We demonstrate how, on the one hand, the total energy fraction absorbed by the harmonics is negligible at all (by evaluating its total amount) and, on the other hand, the additional Langmuir modes can be excited via an avalanche mechanism, responsible for a transport in the particle velocity space. In particular, we show that the spectral broadening outlines a universal shape and the distribution function, associated to the avalanche mechanism, has an asymptotic plateau, differently from the coherent structures characterizing the single wave model.