Numerical Evaluation of the Bose-Ghost Propagator in Minimal Landau Gauge on the Lattice

TL;DR

This paper numerically evaluates the Bose-ghost propagator in lattice minimal Landau gauge for SU(2) in four dimensions, exploring its infrared behavior and implications for color confinement and BRST-symmetry breaking.

Contribution

It provides detailed lattice simulation results of the Bose-ghost propagator, analyzing its infrared properties and continuum limit in the context of the Gribov-Zwanziger confinement scenario.

Findings

Nonzero Bose-ghost propagator supports BRST-symmetry breaking.

Infrared behavior consistent with confinement mechanisms.

Results obtained for large lattice volumes up to 120^4.

Abstract

We present numerical details of the evaluation of the so-called Bose-ghost propagator in lattice minimal Landau gauge, for the SU(2) case in four Euclidean dimensions. This quantity has been proposed as a carrier of the confining force in the Gribov-Zwanziger approach and, as such, its infrared behavior could be relevant for the understanding of color confinement in Yang-Mills theories. Also, its nonzero value can be interpreted as direct evidence of BRST-symmetry breaking, which is induced when restricting the functional measure to the first Gribov region Omega. Our simulations are done for lattice volumes up to 120^4 and for physical lattice extents up to 13.5 fm. We investigate the infinite-volume and continuum limits.