Beyond the diffraction limit via optical amplification

TL;DR

This paper proposes a photon amplification method to surpass the diffraction limit in telescopes and microscopes, demonstrating that significant resolution enhancement is possible with specific photon selection and amplifier gains.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach using optical amplification and photon selection to exceed the diffraction limit, supported by theoretical and numerical analysis.

Findings

Diffraction limit surpassed by a factor of ten at gain 200

Achieves super-resolution with lower gains and fewer photons

Method applicable to telescopic and microscopic imaging

Abstract

In a previous article we suggested a method to overcome the diffraction limit behind a telescope. We refer to theory and recent numerical simulations, and test whether it is indeed possible to use photon amplification to enhance the angular resolution of a telescope or a microscope beyond the diffraction limit. An essential addition is the proposal to select events with above-average ratio of stimulated to spontaneous photons. We find that the diffraction limit of a telescope is surpassed by a factor ten for an amplifier gain of 200, if the analysis is restricted to a tenth of the incoming astronomical photons. A gain of 70 is sufficient with a hundredth of the photons.