Multimode Strong Coupling in Superconducting Cavity Piezo-electromechanics

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a high-frequency superconducting cavity piezo-electromechanical system with multiple modes strongly coupled to a microwave resonator, enabling coherent phonon-photon conversion and advancing hybrid quantum technologies.

Contribution

It introduces a novel high-frequency (10 GHz) bulk acoustic resonator coupled strongly to a superconducting cavity, achieving high cooperativity and coherence suitable for hybrid quantum systems.

Findings

Achieved strong coupling with cooperativity > 2000

Demonstrated high coherence with a frequency-quality factor product of 7.5×10^{15} Hz

Observed coherent phonon-photon conversion dynamics

Abstract

High frequency mechanical resonators subjected to low thermal phonon occupancy are easier to be prepared to the ground state by direct cryogenic cooling. Their extreme stiffness, however, poses a significant challenge for external interrogations. Here we demonstrate a superconducting cavity piezo-electromechanical system in which multiple modes of a bulk acoustic resonator oscillating at $10\,\textrm{GHz}$ are coupled to a planar microwave superconducting resonator with a cooperativity exceeding $2\times10^{3}$, deep in the strong coupling regime. By implementation of the non-contact coupling scheme to reduce mechanical dissipation, the system exhibits excellent coherence characterized by a frequency-quality factor product of $7.5\times10^{15}\,\textrm{Hz}$. Interesting dynamics of temporal oscillations of the microwave energy is observed, implying the coherent conversion between phonons and photons. The demonstrated high frequency cavity piezo-electromechanics is compatible with superconducting qubits, representing an important step towards hybrid quantum systems.