Application of the Multi-Peaked Analytically Extended Function to Representation of Some Measured Lightning Currents

TL;DR

This paper introduces a multi-peaked analytically extended function (AEF) to accurately model complex lightning current waveforms, using least-squares fitting to capture multiple peaks in measured data.

Contribution

It presents a novel application of the multi-peaked AEF with a detailed fitting procedure for lightning currents, including analysis of advantages and limitations.

Findings

Effective approximation of multi-peaked lightning currents.

Parameter estimation using Marquardt least-squares method.

Discussion on potential improvements of the modeling approach.

Abstract

A multi-peaked form of the analytically extended function (AEF) is used for approximation of lightning current waveforms in this paper. The AEF function's parameters are estimated using the Marquardt least-squares method (MLSM), and the general procedure for fitting the $p$-peaked AEF function to a waveform with an arbitrary (finite) number of peaks is briefly described. This framework is used for obtaining parameters of 2-peaked waveforms typically present when measuring first negative stroke currents. Advantages, disadvantages and possible improvements of the approach are also discussed.