The core dominance parameter and \emph{Fermi} detection of extragalactic radio sources

TL;DR

This study analyzes the relationship between core dominance, radio, and gamma-ray emissions in extragalactic sources, revealing that Fermi-detected sources are more compact and have higher beaming effects, indicating a co-spatial origin of emissions.

Contribution

It provides the first comprehensive correlation analysis between core dominance and gamma-ray emission, highlighting the role of beaming and intrinsic flux in gamma-ray detection.

Findings

Fermi sources have higher core dominance parameters than non-Fermi sources.

Significant correlations exist between core dominance, radio, and gamma-ray luminosities.

Fermi sources exhibit larger radio flux at fixed core dominance, implying higher intrinsic flux.

Abstract

In this paper, by cross-correlating an archive sample of 542 extragalactic radio sources with the \emph{Fermi}-LAT Third Source Catalog(3FGL), we have compiled a sample of 80 $\gamma$-ray sources and 462 non-\emph{Fermi} sources with available core dominance parameter($R_{CD}$), core and extended radio luminosity; all the parameters are directly measured or derived from available data in the literature. We found that $R_{CD}$ have significant correlations with radio core luminosities, $\gamma$-ray luminosity and $\gamma$-ray flux respectively; the \emph{Fermi} sources have on average higher $R_{CD}$ than non-\emph{Fermi} sources. These results indicate that the \emph{Fermi} sources should be more compact, and beaming effect should play a crucial role for the detection of $\gamma$-ray emission. Moreover, our results also show \emph{Fermi} sources have systematically larger radio flux than non-\emph{Fermi} sources at fixed $R_{CD}$, indicating larger intrinsic radio flux in \emph{Fermi} sources. These results show a strong connection between radio and $\gamma$-ray flux for the present sample and indicate that the non-\emph{Fermi} sources is likely due to low beaming effect, and/or the low intrinsic $\gamma$-ray flux, support a scenario in the literature: a co-spatial origin of the activity for the radio and $\gamma$-ray emission, suggesting that the origin of the seed photons for the high-energy $\gamma$-ray emission is within the jet.