Probabilistic quantum teleportation in the presence of noise

TL;DR

This paper investigates how probabilistic quantum teleportation protocols can achieve higher fidelity in noisy environments, demonstrating cases where adding noise improves performance and probabilistic methods outperform classical limits.

Contribution

It extends previous work to probabilistic protocols, showing they can surpass deterministic fidelity limits and sometimes benefit from increased noise in realistic quantum communication scenarios.

Findings

Probabilistic protocols can increase teleportation fidelity with added noise.

In some cases, non-maximal entanglement yields higher fidelity.

Probabilistic protocols outperform classical fidelity limits in certain noisy conditions.

Abstract

We extend the research program initiated in [Phys. Rev. A 92, 012338 (2015)], where we restricted our attention to noisy deterministic teleportation protocols, to noisy probabilistic (conditional) protocols. Our main goal now is to study how we can increase the fidelity of the teleported state in the presence of noise by working with probabilistic protocols. We work with several scenarios involving the most common types of noise in realistic implementations of quantum communication tasks and find many cases where adding more noise to the probabilistic protocol increases considerably the fidelity of the teleported state, without decreasing the probability of a successful run of the protocol. Also, there are cases where the entanglement of the channel connecting Alice and Bob leading to the greatest fidelity is not maximal. Moreover, there exist cases where the optimal fidelity for the probabilistic protocols are greater than the maximal fidelity (2/3) achievable by using only classical resources, while the optimal ones for the deterministic protocols under the same conditions lie below this limit. This result clearly illustrates that in some cases we can only get a truly quantum teleportation if we use probabilistic instead of deterministic protocols.