Relation between trees of fragmenting granules and supergranulation evolution

TL;DR

This study explores how trees of fragmenting granules influence supergranulation evolution and magnetic element diffusion on the solar surface using high-resolution Hinode observations.

Contribution

It reveals the role of TFG evolution in forming coherent flows that affect magnetic field diffusion within supergranules, a novel insight into solar surface dynamics.

Findings

TFG evolution creates long-lived horizontal flows up to 12 arcseconds.

These flows influence magnetic element diffusion and network formation.

Strong supergranules significantly contribute to magnetic flux diffusion.

Abstract

Context: The determination of the underlying mechanisms of the magnetic elements diffusion over the solar surface is still a challenge. Understanding the formation and evolution of the solar network (NE) is a challenge, because it provides a magnetic flux over the solar surface comparable to the flux of active regions at solar maximum. Aims: We investigate the structure and evolution of interior cells of solar supergranulation. From Hinode observations, we explore the motions on solar surface at high spatial and temporal resolution. We derive the main organization of the flows inside supergranules and their effect on the magnetic elements. Method: To probe the superganule interior cell, we used the Trees of Fragmenting Granules (TFG) evolution and their relations to horizontal Results: Evolution of TFG and their mutual interactions result in cumulative effects able to build horizontal coherent flows with longer lifetime than granulation (1 to 2 hours) over a scale up to 12\arcsec. These flows clearly act on the diffusion of the intranetwork (IN) magnetic elements and also on the location and shape of the network. Conclusions: From our analysis during 24 hours, TFG appear as one of the major elements of the supergranules which diffuse and advect the magnetic field on the Sun's surface. The strongest supergranules contribute the most to magnetic flux diffusion in the solar photosphere.