Jorgensen's Inequality and Purely Loxodromic 2-Generator Free Kleinian Groups

TL;DR

This paper establishes a new inequality involving traces of generators in purely loxodromic free Kleinian groups, providing conditions under which certain algebraic relations must hold, and conjectures broader generalizations.

Contribution

It proves a specific inequality related to Jorgensen's inequality for 2-generator free Kleinian groups and suggests possible extensions to finitely generated groups.

Findings

Derived a lower bound involving traces of group elements.

Established geometric conditions involving distances in hyperbolic space.

Proposed conjectures for generalizations to larger groups.

Abstract

Let $\xi$ and $\eta$ be two non--commuting isometries of the hyperbolic $3$--space $\mathbb{H}^3$ so that $\Gamma=\langle\xi,\eta\rangle$ is a purely loxodromic free Kleinian group. For $\gamma\in\Gamma$ and $z\in\mathbb{H}^3$, let $d_{\gamma}z$ denote the distance between $z$ and $\gamma\cdot z$. Let $z_1$ and $z_2$ be the mid-points of the shortest geodesic segments connecting the axes of $\xi$, $\eta\xi\eta^{-1}$ and $\eta^{-1}\xi\eta$, respectively. In this manuscript it is proved that if $d_{\gamma}z_2<1.6068...$ for every $\gamma\in\{\eta, \xi^{-1}\eta\xi, \xi\eta\xi^{-1}\}$ and $d_{\eta\xi\eta^{-1}}z_2\leq d_{\eta\xi\eta^{-1}}z_1$, then \[ |\text{trace}^2(\xi)-4|+|\text{trace}(\xi\eta\xi^{-1}\eta^{-1})-2|\geq 2\sinh^2\left(\tfrac{1}{4}\log\alpha\right) = 1.5937.... \] Above $\alpha=24.8692...$ is the unique real root of the polynomial $21 x^4 - 496 x^3 - 654 x^2 + 24 x + 81$ that is greater than $9$. Also generalisations of this inequality for finitely generated purely loxodromic free Kleinian groups are conjectured.