Seasonal effect on the diurnal variation of the geomagnetic field registered in Huancayo Observatory

TL;DR

This study analyzes how seasonal changes and the solar activity cycle influence the daily variation of the geomagnetic field at Huancayo Observatory, highlighting the impact of the Equatorial Electrojet and confirming historical patterns.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of seasonal and solar cycle effects on geomagnetic diurnal variations at the Magnetic Equator, confirming and extending previous findings.

Findings

Diurnal variation amplitudes are highest at Huancayo due to the Equatorial Electrojet.

Seasonal patterns in X, Y, Z components are consistent with historical data since 1940.

Solar maximum periods show increased amplitudes in geomagnetic variations.

Abstract

In this article we study the seasonal effect on the diurnal variation of the geomagnetic field registered in the Huancayo Observatory, located in the Magnetic Equator, which is driven by "ionospheric currents" and its counterpart induced by "telluric currents". Huancayo Observatory has the highest amplitude in the diurnal variation, because of being in the Magnetic Equator and under the "Equatorial Electrojet". We present the pattern of seasonal variation in diurnal variation of components X, Y and Z, the same as confirmed by previous works since 1940. The effect of solar activity cycle of about 11 years in the diurnal variation is also confirmed; it is observed that amplitudes are greater in the maximum of solar activity.