GSC 03144-595, a new triple-mode HADS

TL;DR

This study identifies GSC 03144-595 as a rare triple-mode high-amplitude delta Scuti star, revealing unique amplitude evolution and contributing to understanding of stellar pulsation modes.

Contribution

It is the first detailed multi-year analysis of a triple-mode HADS with a fundamental frequency in the delta Scuti regime, highlighting amplitude evolution.

Findings

GSC 03144-595 is a triple-mode HADS star.

The fundamental and first harmonic frequencies remained stable over years.

The second harmonic amplitude increased by 44%, indicating possible transient behavior.

Abstract

We present results of a multi-year study of the high-amplitude $\delta$ Scuti (HADS) star GSC 03144-595. The star was observed between June and September in 2011 and 2014 for 13 nights and 28 nights respectively. Based on our results we argue that GSC 03144-595 is a new triple-mode radially pulsating HADS, only the fifth discovered and only the second that has a fundamental frequency in the traditional $\delta$ Scuti regime. While the frequencies and amplitudes of the fundamental and first harmonic were found to be unchanged between 2011 and 2014, we found that the amplitude of the second harmonic increased by 44\%, a form of evolution not previously seen. This finding suggests that the second harmonic may be transient, thus explaining the scarcity of triple mode HADS stars.