On noise-induced synchronization and consensus of nonlinear network systems under input disturbances

TL;DR

This paper investigates how external disturbances and noise influence synchronization and consensus in nonlinear network systems, providing conditions that relate network topology, coupling strength, and noise diffusion, with applications to Smart Cities and IoT.

Contribution

It introduces stochastic Lyapunov-based conditions for synchronization in nonlinear networks with state-dependent noise, highlighting how noise can be harnessed to promote consensus.

Findings

Proper noise diffusion can induce synchronization in unsynchronized networks.

Network connectivity and coupling strength are crucial for achieving consensus.

Results are applicable to control in Smart Cities and IoT contexts.

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the study of synchronization and consensus phenomena in complex networks of diffusively-coupled nodes subject to external disturbances. Specifically, we make use of stochastic Lyapunov functions to provide conditions for synchronization and consensus for networks of nonlinear, diffusively coupled nodes, where noise diffusion is not just additive but it depends on the nodes' state. The sufficient condition we provide, wich links together network topology, coupling strength and noise diffusion, offers two interesting interpretations. First, as suggested by {\em intuition}, in order for a network to achieve synchronization/consensus, its nodes need to be sufficiently well connected together. The second implication might seem, instead, counter-intuitive: if noise diffusion is {\em properly} designed, then it can drive an unsynchronized network towards synchronization/consensus. Motivated by our current research in Smart Cities and Internet of Things, we illustrate the effectiveness of our approach by showing how our results can be used to control certain collective decision processes.