Multiprocessor Scheduling of a Multi-mode Dataflow Graph Considering Mode Transition Delay

TL;DR

This paper introduces a multiprocessor scheduling method for multi-mode dataflow graphs that incorporates task migration, aiming to reduce resource usage while satisfying throughput constraints in dynamic embedded applications.

Contribution

It proposes a novel genetic algorithm-based scheduling technique that allows task migration across modes, optimizing resource utilization for multi-mode dataflow models.

Findings

Reduces resource requirements compared to existing methods

Effectively manages throughput constraints and jitter

Demonstrates improvements on real application benchmarks

Abstract

Synchronous Data Flow (SDF) model is widely used for specifying signal processing or streaming applications. Since modern embedded applications become more complex with dynamic behavior changes at run-time, several extensions of the SDF model have been proposed to specify the dynamic behavior changes while preserving static analyzability of the SDF model. They assume that an application has a finite number of behaviors (or modes) and each behavior (mode) is represented by an SDF graph. They are classified as multi-mode dataflow models in this paper. While there exist several scheduling techniques for multi-mode dataflow models, no one allows task migration between modes. By observing that the resource requirement can be additionally reduced if task migration is allowed, we propose a multiprocessor scheduling technique of a multi-mode dataflow graph considering task migration between modes. Based on a genetic algorithm, the proposed technique schedules all SDF graphs in all modes simultaneously to minimize the resource requirement. To satisfy the throughput constraint, the proposed technique calculates the actual throughput requirement of each mode and the output buffer size for tolerating throughput jitter. We compare the proposed technique with a method which analyzes SDF graphs in each execution mode separately and a method that does not allow task migration for synthetic examples and three real applications: H.264 decoder, vocoder, and LTE receiver algorithms.