Control of light trapping in a large atomic system by a static magnetic field

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how a static magnetic field can control light trapping in cold atomic ensembles, affecting fluorescence dynamics and enabling observation of light localization phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a method to manipulate light trapping and fluorescence decay in atomic systems using a static magnetic field, revealing localized collective states.

Findings

Magnetic field speeds up fluorescence in dilute systems.

Field amplifies intensity fluctuations in dense ensembles.

Long-lived localized atomic states are induced by the magnetic field.

Abstract

We propose to control light trapping in a large ensemble of cold atoms by an external, static magnetic field. For an appropriate choice of frequency and polarization of the exciting pulse, the field is expected to speed up the fluorescence of a dilute atomic system. In a dense ensemble, the field does not affect the early-time superradiant signal but amplifies intensity fluctuations at intermediate times and induces a very slow, nonexponential long-time decay. The slowing down of fluorescence is due to the excitation of spatially localized collective atomic states that appear only under a strong magnetic field and have exponentially long lifetimes. Our results therefore pave a way towards experimental observation of the disorder-induced localization of light in cold atomic systems.