Competition and duality correspondence between chiral and superconducting channels in (2+1)-dimensional four-fermion models with fermion number and chiral chemical potentials

TL;DR

This paper explores the duality between chiral and superconducting phases in (2+1)-dimensional four-fermion models, showing how chemical potentials influence phase transitions and symmetry breaking.

Contribution

It establishes a duality correspondence between fermion-antifermion and difermion channels in models with chemical potentials, revealing their effects on phase structure.

Findings

Chiral chemical potential promotes chiral symmetry breaking.

Fermion number chemical potential encourages superconductivity.

Duality links chiral and superconducting phases in the models.

Abstract

In this paper the duality correspondence between fermion-antifermion and difermion interaction channels is established in two (2+1)-dimensional Gross-Neveu type models with a fermion number chemical potential $\mu$ and a chiral chemical potential $\mu_5$. The role and influence of this property on the phase structure of the models are investigated. In particular, it is shown that the chemical potential $\mu_5$ promotes the appearance of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, whereas the chemical potential $\mu$ contributes to the emergence of superconductivity.