The Ratio of Eigenvalues of the Dirichlet Eigenvalue Problem for Equations with One-Dimensional p-Laplacian

TL;DR

This paper investigates the ratio of eigenvalues for Dirichlet problems involving the one-dimensional p-Laplacian, extending previous estimates to cases with nonpositive, single-barrier potentials and analyzing eigenvalue behavior on variable intervals.

Contribution

It establishes new lower bounds for eigenvalue ratios under nonpositive, single-barrier potentials and identifies conditions for eigenvalue positivity on variable intervals.

Findings

Eigenvalue ratio bounds for nonpositive, single-barrier potentials.

Existence of a critical interval length where the first eigenvalue is positive.

Explicit estimate for the critical interval length based on potential.

Abstract

Chao-Zhong Chen et al. $[{Proc}.$ ${Amer. Math. Soc},2013],$ proved the upper estimate $\frac{\lambda _{n}}{\lambda _{m}}\leq \frac{% n^{p}}{m^{p}}$ $ (n>m\geq 1) $ for Dirichlet Shr\"{o}dinger operators with nonnegative and single-well potentials. In this paper we discuss the case of nonpositive potentials $q(x)$ continuous on the interval $[ 0,1] $. We prove that if $q(x)\leq 0$ and single-barrier then $\frac{\lambda _{n}}{\lambda _{m}}\geq \frac{n^{p}% }{m^{p}}$ for $\lambda _{n}>\lambda _{m}\geq -2q^{\ast },$ where $q^{\ast}=\inf\{q(0), q(1)\}$. Furthermore, we show that there exists $\ell_{0}\in ( 0,1] $ such that for all $\ell\in(0,\ell_{0}],$ the associated eigenvalues $(\lambda _{n}(\ell)) _{n\geq 1}$ (of the problem defined on $[0,\ell]$) satisfy $ \lambda _{1}( \ell)>0$ and $\frac{\lambda _{n}( \ell)}{\lambda _{m}( \ell) }\geq \frac{n^{p}}{m^{p}}$ $n>m\geq 1$. The value $\ell _{0}$ satisfies the following estimate $0<\ell_{0}\leq \sqrt[p]{\frac{-p}{3q^{*}}}$.