Dirac field as a source of the inflation in 2+1 dimensional Teleparallel gravity

TL;DR

This paper investigates how a Dirac field coupled with torsion can drive early inflation and late acceleration in a 2+1 dimensional teleparallel gravity framework, comparing symmetry approaches and dimensions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of Dirac fields as sources for cosmic inflation and acceleration in 2+1D teleparallel gravity using Noether symmetry methods.

Findings

Dirac field can induce inflation and acceleration in 2+1D teleparallel gravity.

Comparison of symmetry approaches with and without gauge terms.

Results align with known cosmological behaviors in higher dimensions.

Abstract

In this paper, we study early-time inflation and late-time acceleration of the universe by non-minimally coupling the Dirac field with torsion in the spatially flat Friedman-Robertson-Walker (FRW) cosmological model background. The results obtained by the Noether symmetry approach with and without a gauge term are compared. Additionally, we compare these results with that of the 3+1 dimensional teleparallel gravity under Noether symmetry approach. And we see that the study explains early-time inflation and late-time acceleration of the universe.