Galerkin Finite Element Approximations for Stochastic Space-Time Fractional Wave Equations

TL;DR

This paper develops and analyzes Galerkin finite element methods for solving stochastic space-time fractional wave equations, including error estimates and numerical validation, to model wave propagation in complex media with noise.

Contribution

It introduces a discretization approach for stochastic space-time fractional wave equations with additive noise and provides error analysis and numerical validation of the method.

Findings

Derived mean-squared $L^2$-norm error estimates.

Established regularity results for the regularized equation.

Numerical experiments confirm theoretical error bounds.

Abstract

The traditional wave equation models wave propagation in an ideal conducting medium. For characterizing the wave propagation in inhomogeneous media with frequency dependent power-law attenuation, the space-time fractional wave equation appears; further incorporating the additive white Gaussian noise coming from many natural sources leads to the stochastic space-time fractional wave equation. This paper discusses the Galerkin finite element approximations for the stochastic space-time fractional wave equation forced by an additive space-time white noise. We firstly discretize the space-time additive noise, which introduces a modeling error and results in a regularized stochastic space-time fractional wave equation; then the regularity of the regularized equation is analyzed. For the discretization in space, the finite element approximation is used and the definition of the discrete fractional Laplacian is introduced. We derive the mean-squared $L^2$-norm priori estimates for the modeling error and for the approximation error to the solution of the regularized problem; and the numerical experiments are performed to confirm the estimates. For the time-stepping, we calculate the analytically obtained Mittag-Leffler type function.