Self-consistent Description of Graphene Quantum Amplifier

TL;DR

This paper develops a quantum theory for graphene-based plasmonic amplifiers, incorporating quantum correlations and dissipation, enabling the description of different operational regimes and predicting laser-like emission statistics.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive quantum model for graphene plasmon amplifiers, accounting for dissipation and correlations, and describes tunable regimes like surface plasmon emitting diode and stimulated emission.

Findings

Derived explicit expressions for dissipation and interaction constants.

Predicted the generation spectrum and second-order correlation functions.

Demonstrated tunability between different plasmonic amplification regimes.

Abstract

High level of dissipation in normal metals makes challenging development of active and passive plasmonic devices. One possible solution to this problem is to use alternative materials. Graphene is a good candidate for plasmonics in near infrared (IR) region. In this paper we develop quantum theory of a graphene plasmon generator. We account for the first time quantum correlations and dissipation effects that allows describing such regimes of quantum plasmonic amplifier as surface plasmon emitting diode and surface plasmon amplifier by stimulated emission of radiation. Switching between these generation types is possible in situ with variance of graphene Fermi-level or gain transition frequency. We provide explicit expressions for dissipation and interaction constants through material parameters and find the generation spectrum and correlation function of second order which predicts laser statistics.