Electromagnetic instability induced by neutrino interaction

TL;DR

This paper investigates how asymmetric neutrino backgrounds can induce electromagnetic instabilities in primordial plasma, leading to magnetic field generation in the early universe, with potential cosmological implications.

Contribution

It introduces a semi-classical kinetic framework showing neutrino asymmetry causes plasma instabilities that generate magnetic fields, extending understanding of early universe magnetogenesis.

Findings

Unstable plasma modes exist due to neutrino asymmetry.

Neutrino-induced instability can produce magnetic fields of 10 Gauss.

The instability mechanism is related to chiral anomaly effects.

Abstract

We consider the generation and evolution of magnetic field in a primordial plasma at temperature T < 1 MeV in presence of asymmetric neutrino background i.e. the number densities of right- handed and left-handed neutrinos are not same. Semi-classical equations of motion of a charged fermion are derived using the effective low-energy Lagrangian. It is shown that the spin degree of freedom of the charged fermion couples with the neutrino background. Using this kinetic equation we study the collective modes of the plasma. We find that there exist an unstable mode. This instability is closely related with the instability induced by chiral-anomaly in high temperature T > 80 TeV plasma where right and left-handed electrons are out of equilibrium. We find that at the temperatures below the neutrino decoupling the instability can produce magnetic field of 10 Gauss in the Universe. We discuss cosmological implications of the results.