First-forbidden transitions and stellar $\beta$-decay rates of Zn and Ge isotopes

TL;DR

This study calculates both allowed and forbidden beta-decay transitions for neutron-rich Zn and Ge isotopes using QRPA models, demonstrating improved agreement with experimental data and highlighting the importance of forbidden transitions in stellar environments.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive calculation of allowed and forbidden beta-decay rates for Zn and Ge isotopes using two QRPA models, improving accuracy over previous methods.

Findings

Forbidden transitions significantly reduce half-lives.

Calculated stellar decay rates align well with astrophysical data.

Unique FF transitions notably contribute to Ge isotopes' stellar rates.

Abstract

First-forbidden (FF) charge-changing transitions become relatively important for nuclei as their proton number increases. This is because the strength of allowed Gamow-Teller (GT) transitions decreases with increasing Z. The FF transitions play an important role in reducing the half-lives as against those calculated from taking the GT transitions alone into account. In this paper we calculate allowed GT as well as $0^{+} \rightarrow 0^{-}$ and $0^{+} \rightarrow 2^{-}$ transitions for neutron-rich Zn and Ge isotopes. Two different pn-QRPA models were used with a schematic separable interaction to calculate GT and FF transitions. Half-lives calculated after inclusion of FF transitions were in excellent agreement with the experimental data. Our calculations were also compared to previous QRPA calculations and were found to be in better agreement with measured data. Stellar $\beta$-decay rates were calculated for these nuclei including allowed GT and unique FF transitions for astrophysical applications. $^{86,88}$Ge has a sizeable contribution to the total stellar rate from unique FF transitions.